Fibroadenoma
Introduction
A fibroadenoma is a common benign (noncancerous) breast lump composed of glandular and connective tissue. It typically feels like a smooth, firm, or rubbery marble that moves freely within the breast tissue (mouse in the breast). Unlike breast cancer, fibroadenomas are not life-threatening. Most commonly occur in younger women, especially those in their 20s and 30s, but they can develop at any age.
Symptoms
- Usually painless but rarely can be painful, especially before menstrual cycles
- Feel like a small, firm, or rubbery lump that moves freely under fingers
- Size can vary from a few milli-meters to several centi-meters. If the size is > 5cm it is called Giant Fibroadenoma
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of fibroadenomas is unknown. They consist of both glandular breast tissue and fibrous connective tissue. Hormonal influences, such as those during puberty, pregnancy, breastfeeding, or hormone replacement therapy, may affect their size.
Diagnosis
- Physical Examination : A doctor can often detect fibroadenomas during a breast exam.
- Imaging : Ultrasound is the preferred method to distinguish fibroadenomas (solid lumps) from cysts (fluid-filled). Mammograms may also be used.
- Biopsy : Fine needle aspiration or core needle biopsy may be performed to confirm diagnosis by examining tissue samples under a microscope. In some cases, biopsy results may show atypical cells, requiring surgical removal for further examination.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the size, symptoms, patient age, and preferences.
Observation and Monitoring
- Single, small (< 3cms), asymptomatic fibroadenomas often require no treatment.
- Regular clinical exams and imaging monitor any changes in size or symptoms.
- Many fibroadenomas remain stable, some shrink or disappear over time.
- Few consider treating mastalgia with Vit E supplement
Surgical Removal
- Recommended management for large, growing, symptomatic, or complex fibroadenomas (with cyst formation/ calcification)
- Lumpectomy/Excisional Biopsy: Removal of the lump under local or general anesthesia (based on location and size). Usually an outpatient procedure. Incision is decided based on location, size and depth of the lump.
- Surgery may be chosen if biopsy shows atypical cells or if the patient prefers removal or for cosmetic purpose.
Recovery and Follow-up
- Surgical removal may require a few days to weeks for complete healing.
- Follow-up includes physical exams and imaging to monitor for recurrence or new lumps.
When to consult a doctor immediately
- If you discover a new breast lump
- If the lump becomes painful, grows rapidly, or changes in texture with associated skin changes.
- For routine breast screening and evaluation of any breast concerns.
Book a Consultation
If you have discovered a breast lump or have been diagnosed with fibroadenoma, schedule a consultation with our expert team. Early evaluation and tailored care can bring peace of mind and the best outcomes.
Contact us today at “Vizag Surgicare” to learn more or to book your appointment.
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