Necrotising Fasciitis Treatment
Introduction
Necrotising fasciitis, often referred to as the “flesh-eating disease“, is a rare but rapidly progressing bacterial infection that destroys skin, fat, and the tissue covering muscles. It spreads quickly and can become life-threatening in a matter of hours without immediate treatment.
It has a high mortality risk (death risk). The infection is usually caused by Group A Streptococcus bacterium, but other bacteria such as Clostridium, E. coli, or Staphylococcus can also be involved. These bacteria typically enter the body through cuts, surgical wounds, insect bites, or even minor injuries.
People with diabetes, weakened immune systems, chronic diseases, or recent surgeries are at higher risk. Prompt recognition and emergency treatment are critical to preventing severe complications or death.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Necrotising fasciitis often begins with symptoms that may seem minor, such as:
- Severe pain at the site of a skin injury (often worse than it appears)
- Swelling, redness, or warmth
- Fever, chills, and fatigue
- Skin that becomes discoloured, blistered, or darkened
As the infection worsens, it can lead to shock, confusion, and organ failure – “Signs of Sepsis”.
Diagnosis is based on physical examination, blood tests, sometimes surgical exploration to confirm tissue damage.
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Treatment
Necrotising fasciitis requires urgent and aggressive treatment.
- Emergency surgery (debridement) is needed to remove infected and dead tissue. Multiple surgeries may be required to fully control the infection.
- IV antibiotics are administered immediately to fight the bacteria. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are started first, then adjusted based on lab results.
- Critical care support in an intensive care unit (ICU) may be necessary if the infection causes shock or organ failure. Patients may also require fluids, blood pressure support, and, in some cases, reconstructive surgery or skin grafts after recovery.
Early intervention significantly improves the chances of survival and recovery.
Conclusion
Necrotising fasciitis is a life-threatening emergency that demands fast action.
If you experience sudden, intense pain or symptoms of a severe skin infection, visit “Vizag Surgicare” immediately for expert emergency care.
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